An imperceptible and robust audio watermarking algorithm

In this paper, we propose a semi-blind, imperceptible, and robust digital audio watermarking algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on cascading two well-known transforms: the discrete wavelet transform and the singular value decomposition. The two transforms provide different, but complementary, levels of robustness against watermarking attacks. The uniqueness of the proposed algorithm is twofold: the distributed formation of the wavelet coefficient matrix and the selection of the off-diagonal positions of the singular value matrix for embedding watermark bits. Imperceptibility, robustness, and high data payload of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated using different musical clips.